Project management 

INTRODUCTION:
Project managers are changing the world.
• A World Health Organization (WHO) “vaccination army” runs a blitz
to attack polio, vaccinating 4.2 million children in a 50,000-squaremile
area in three days in southern India.1
• A commercial aircraft manufacturer is designing a new model aircraft
to be built from lightweight composites, resulting in fuel savings
of 20 percent over similar-sized airplanes.
• NASA teams send sophisticated robots and probes to other planets
in our solar systems, furthering our understanding of Earth and its
origins.
• Nanotechnology researchers manipulate matter at the molecular
level, developing materials that hold incredible potential to revolutionize
manufactured products, from building bridges to transmitting
electricity to the clothes we wear.
Project managers are all around us, too: building a custom home,
opening a medical clinic, installing an updated accounting system, or
writing a book. Everywhere that people are leading change they are
managing projects.
No wonder the project management discipline has leapt from a
neglected corner to center stage. Government and industry are
embracing the project management discipline as leaders recognize
that they are increasingly managing project-driven organizations. But
change and projects have been around for thousands of years; what is
different now? Just what is project management?
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Before we understand the new interest in project management and
project-driven organizations, we must first understand the concept of
projects. Projects are all the work we do one time. Whether it’s
designing an aircraft, building a bakery display case, or creating a
business logo, every project produces an outcome and every project
has a beginning and an end. Fundamental to understanding the
importance of projects is realizing that each one produces something
unique. So designing and tooling up to build a new sports car is a
project (actually a lot of projects), but manufacturing thousands of
them is not. Manufacturing and other repetitive processes are defined
as ongoing operations.